Caregiver demand in Japan is rising due to an aging population, with projections showing that one in three people will be over 65 by 2030. This has led to a significant worker shortage in the caregiving sector.
The Japanese healthcare ministry estimates that 2.53 million care workers will be needed by 2025. To address this gap, the government continues to recruit foreign caregivers, providing opportunities for those looking to enter the industry.
The guide below outlines essential steps to securing a caregiver job in Japan.
What is a Caregiver?
A caregiver provides essential support to individuals who face challenges in daily activities due to age, disability, or illness. Caregivers assist with personal care, mobility, and overall well-being. They may work in nursing homes, hospitals, or private residences, ensuring that patients receive the necessary attention and care.
In Japan, a caregiver is referred to as 介護士 (かいごし kaigoshi) or simply 介護 (かいご kaigo). Most caregivers in Japan work in elderly care facilities, handling multiple patients per shift.
Others provide one-on-one assistance through home care services. And, generally these are the main tasks and responsibilities of a caregiver:
- Assisting patients with meals and medication intake
- Supporting personal hygiene, including bathing and toileting
- Monitoring health conditions and maintaining medical records
- Reporting incidents and managing medical appointments
- Helping patients move and stay mobile
- Assisting with physical therapy exercises
- Performing light household tasks
- Offering companionship and emotional support
Caregiver Salary in Japan
Caregivers in Japan typically earn between JPY 120,000 to JPY 185,000 per month. The exact amount depends on qualifications, employer, and location.
Those under the Technical Intern Training Program (TITP) usually receive the lowest salaries due to limited experience and lack of certification.
Factors Affecting Salary:
- Base Salary – Standard monthly wage
- Night Shift Pay – Higher earnings for night shifts
- Overtime – Additional pay for extended hours
- Bonuses – Monthly or yearly incentives
- Transportation Fees – Compensation for commuting costs
- Additional Allowances – Some employers provide learning and skill improvement benefits
Annual salary increases are common, and obtaining a Certified Caregiver License significantly boosts earnings.
What a Caregiver Job in Japan Involves
Caregivers assist individuals with essential daily activities, including bathing, dressing, and meal preparation.
They also offer emotional support and monitor health conditions to ensure patient well-being. Success in this role requires patience, empathy, and attentiveness.
Types of Caregiving Roles
Caregivers in Japan work in different settings based on patient needs:
- Home Care – Assisting individuals in their homes with daily living tasks.
- Facility Care – Providing support in nursing homes or specialized care facilities.
- Elderly Care – Focusing on seniors, addressing both physical and emotional well-being.
Skills Required for Caregiving Jobs
Successful caregivers must develop essential skills to meet job demands:
- Communication Skills – Clear and compassionate interaction with patients and families.
- Physical Endurance – Strength to assist patients in movement and daily activities.
- Problem-Solving – Quick decision-making in emergencies or difficult situations.
Why Japan Needs More Caregivers
Japan’s aging population has created an urgent demand for caregiving services. The healthcare system faces a shortage of skilled caregivers, increasing opportunities in this field.
To address this, the government has introduced visa programs to attract foreign workers. Urban and rural areas need more caregivers, making this profession essential nationwide.
How to Become a Caregiver in Japan
There are four main pathways to work as a caregiver in Japan: Technical Intern Training Program (TITP), Specified Skilled Worker (SSW), Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA), and the Nursing Care Visa.
Each has specific application processes, requirements, and permitted periods of stay.
1. Technical Intern Training Program (TITP)
The Technical Intern Training Program (技能実習制度, Ginō Jisshū Seido) provides skill training for foreign nationals from designated countries.
Established in 1993 and managed by the Japan International Training Cooperation Organization (JITCO), it allows participants to stay in Japan for up to five years.
Internship Levels:
- Technical Intern (i) – 1st year
- Technical Intern (ii) – 2nd and 3rd year
- Technical Intern (iii) – 4th and 5th year
To advance, interns must pass a Technical Intern Training Evaluation Examination, which includes written and practical tests.
Those completing Technical Intern (ii) or (iii) may switch to the Specified Skilled Worker (SSW) status in the caregiving field without additional exams, allowing for extended employment. Permanent employment is possible after obtaining a Certified Caregiver License.
Requirements:
- At least 18 years old
- Japanese proficiency at JLPT N4 or equivalent (J.TEST level E or NAT-TEST level 4)
- Successful completion of a test and interview
- Citizenship in one of the partner countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Pakistan, Peru, the Philippines, Myanmar, Mongolia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Uzbekistan, Vietnam
Trainees are expected to focus on skill development and evaluations rather than full-time caregiving work. Companies provide support before and after arrival in Japan.
2. Specified Skilled Worker (SSW)
The Specified Skilled Worker (特定技能, Tokutei Ginō) program allows foreign caregivers to work in Japan without needing prior experience. Applicants must pass:
- The Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT N4 or higher)
- A skills assessment test specific to caregiving
This pathway provides renewable visas, and after gaining experience, workers may apply for long-term employment or permanent residency.
3. Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA)
Under Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) between Japan and Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, caregivers receive structured training and employment opportunities.
Candidates study Japanese and caregiving practices in their home country before working in Japan. To remain long-term, they must pass the National Care Worker Certification Exam within four years.
4. Nursing Care Visa
Foreigners holding a Certified Care Worker License can apply for a Nursing Care Visa (介護ビザ). This visa allows long-term employment in Japan’s healthcare sector and offers a pathway to permanent residency.
Steps to Start a Caregiving Career in Japan
Entering the caregiving field requires proper qualifications and a structured job search. Following these steps can help secure a role efficiently.
Required Certifications and Training
Caregivers must complete essential certifications and training to qualify for employment:
- Care Worker Certification – A fundamental requirement for many positions.
- Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) – Necessary for effective communication in healthcare settings.
- Specialized Training Courses – Programs focused on elderly care and facility-based caregiving.
Where to Find Job Opportunities
Reliable platforms and resources help caregivers connect with employers:
- Online Job Portals – Websites dedicated to listing caregiving positions across Japan.
- Recruitment Agencies – Specialized firms that assist in healthcare job placements.
- Government Programs – Initiatives that support caregivers in securing employment.
Application Process and Job Search Tips
A well-prepared application increases the chances of success:
- Resume and Certifications – Highlight relevant experience and qualifications.
- Job Interviews – Be ready to demonstrate caregiving skills and handle scenario-based questions.
- Networking – Engage with industry professionals to stay informed about job openings.
Benefits of Caregiver Jobs in Japan
Caregiver roles offer several advantages, enhancing both financial stability and personal well-being. These benefits include healthcare coverage, paid leave, and career growth opportunities.
Health Insurance and Pension Support
Employers typically provide health insurance that covers medical expenses, ensuring access to healthcare services.
Pension plans are also included, contributing to long-term financial security. These benefits support caregivers in maintaining stability throughout their careers.
Paid Vacation and Sick Leave
Caregiver positions generally include paid vacation days and sick leave allowances. This allows workers to take necessary time off without financial strain, promoting overall well-being.
Work-Life Balance in Caregiving
Shift-based schedules offer flexibility, allowing caregivers to manage personal responsibilities effectively.
While caregiving can be physically and emotionally demanding, structured workloads help prevent burnout and maintain a stable routine.
Career Growth and Advancement
Caregivers have opportunities to advance through additional certifications and specialized training.
Career progression often leads to salary increases and promotions, making it a viable long-term profession for those committed to skill development.
Advancing a Career in Caregiving
Caregiver jobs in Japan provide stability and long-term opportunities as demand for skilled professionals continues to rise.
Securing the right certifications, gaining hands-on experience, and adapting to workplace expectations can lead to a strong career in this field.
Although challenges like long hours and language barriers exist, the profession offers significant rewards. Caregivers play a vital role in improving lives while developing their own skills and career prospects.
